What is transrectal prostate ultrasound?
Transrectal prostate ultrasound is a precise imaging examination that allows the evaluation of the prostate gland’s size, structure, and abnormalities. The procedure is performed with a special probe inserted into the rectum to obtain detailed images of the prostate and surrounding tissues. This method is highly useful for diagnosing and monitoring prostate-related conditions.
How is the procedure performed?
The patient lies on their side with knees drawn toward the chest. A sterile gel is applied to the probe, which is then gently inserted into the rectum. The procedure is brief and generally painless, though mild discomfort may occur. During the examination, the shape, size, and internal structure of the prostate are evaluated. If necessary, a prostate tissue biopsy may also be performed.
The procedure typically lasts about 10–15 minutes without biopsy, and up to 30 minutes if a biopsy is performed.
What can be diagnosed with transrectal prostate ultrasound?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate)
Suspected prostate cancer
Prostate cysts, calcifications, and other structural abnormalities
Suspected urinary obstruction caused by the prostate
What does transrectal ultrasound help evaluate?
Size and volume of the prostate (to assess degree of enlargement)
Tissue structure (e.g., nodules, solid masses, or fluid-filled structures)
Possible malignant changes
Signs of inflammation or other undetected pathology
When is this examination recommended?
A doctor may refer a patient for TRUS if they have:
Frequent or difficult urination
Pain in the perineal or anal region
Elevated PSA (prostate-specific antigen) levels in blood
Suspected prostate cancer or inflammation
Need for precise prostate volume assessment before treatment or for treatment monitoring
A planned prostate biopsy
Contraindications
TRUS is generally safe, but may be avoided in cases of:
Acute rectal inflammation (proctitis) or anal fissures
Severe hemorrhoid flare-ups
Recent rectal surgeries
Always inform your doctor about any conditions that may be relevant.
Preparation for TRUS
A light enema or special laxatives are recommended before the procedure (as advised by your doctor or clinic staff).
Eat a light meal the night before, avoiding gas-producing foods.
If a biopsy is planned, antibiotic prophylaxis may be required, as prescribed by the doctor.
Inform the doctor or medical staff about any chronic conditions or medications.
Results are usually available immediately after the procedure, or during a follow-up visit, if a biopsy was performed (after receiving histology results).
Services are available with insurance coverage or as paid services.
